What is ADHD?

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. It is characterized by excessive symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsiveness and emotional dysregulation. There may also be difficulty with communication, social interaction and behavior development. This disorder may cause impairment on multiple levels. A person may experience problems with cognition, academics, behavior, emotions, and being able to socially function.

It may be caused by genetics, a lack of good nutrition or environmental factors. It is interesting that a significant number of children who have ADHD will also have the condition in adulthood, but there are adults who did not have ADHD in childhood who manifest it as adults.

In children, one may notice excessive fidgeting such as tapping hands or feet or squirming in a seat.  Remaining seated may be a problem. Some children may experience restlessness, inappropriately running around, difficulty playing quietly, or even climbing on younger children. They are difficult to keep up with and always seem to be on the go. They may talk excessively. There may be difficulty taking turns. Some may blurt out answers too quickly. They may interrupt or intrude upon others.

In adults, one may see another cascade of behaviors. These adults may have problems remaining focused on performing tasks. They may have difficulty organizing activities or prioritizing what tasks should be done. There may be problems with following through and completing tasks. These people may show forgetfulness and lack the ability to manage their time, thus missing appointments or deadlines.

This can cause problems in their lives. This is why proper diagnosis and treatment of ADHD is so important in children and adults.

Recent studies have looked at these individuals and noted that there are differences in life expectancy.

In males with ADHD, the life expectancy was shortened by 6.78 years, and in females, it was shortened by 8.64 years. The researchers postulated that these people had associated mental health issues, which included risky behaviors such as substance abuse, smoking or compulsive behaviors that resulted in early deaths.

The experts believe that only a small percentage of people with ADHD are actually diagnosed. Without diagnosis, an appropriate treatment cannot be instituted. Without appropriate treatment, these individuals may not have full lives.

If you feel you or a loved one may have ADHD, get screened by a healthcare provider and then get the necessary therapeutic treatment.

Dr. Veita Bland is a board-certified Greensboro physician and hypertension specialist. Dr. Bland’s radio show, “It’s a Matter of Your Health,” can be heard live on Wednesdays, 5:30 p.m. on N.C. A&T State University’s WNAA, 90.1 FM. Listeners may call in and ask questions. The show is replayed on Sirius 142 at 5 p.m. on Wed. Email Dr. Bland at ideas@blandclinicpa.com.